Time lapse virtual and earthquake source seismic imagery at Krafla
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- Cite as
- Maass, Regina; Bean, Christopher; Li, Ka Lok; Weber, Maurice; Craig, David (2026): Time lapse virtual and earthquake source seismic imagery at Krafla. GFZ Data Services. Dataset/Seismic Network. doi:10.14470/66957066.
- Identifier
- 10.14470/66957066
- DataCite metadata
- HTML | JSON | XML | INSPIRE | Local XML source file
- Terms/rights
- Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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- Creator(s)
-
Maass, Regina
a;
Bean, Christopher
a;
Li, Ka Lok
a;
Weber, Maurice
a;
Craig, David
a
a Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, Ireland - Description
-
- (Abstract) This dataset presents seismic recordings from the 2022 Krafla field campaign in NE Iceland, conducted under the IMPROVE project (https://www.improve-etn.eu/). From June 17 to July 26, 2022, a network of 114 seismometers was deployed within the Krafla caldera to investigate the magmatic and geothermal system surrounding the IDDP-01 borehole. This site gained international recognition in 2009 when drilling operations unexpectedly encountered rhyolitic magma at a depth of 2.1km. Ongoing drilling at Krafla is managed by Landsvirkjun, and persistent local seismicity is monitored by a permanent network operated by ISOR. The primary deployment of the temporary network consisted of 104 SmartSolo 5Hz nodes, sampling at 250 Hz, arranged in a reflection configuration of two linear profiles with 30m station intervals centered on the IDDP-01 borehole. The shorter profile (~1km, striking NW-SE) comprised 33 stations, while the longer profile (~2km, striking NE-SW) comprised 71 stations. The northernmost 14 stations on the short profile and the northernmost 21 stations on the long profile recorded 3-component (3C) data, while the remaining stations recorded only the vertical (Z) component. Additionally, the network featured a circular array of ten 3C short-period seismometers (1Hz) with a 150m aperture, recording at 200 Hz. After a few days of recording, four stations were removed from the southern end of L2 and redeployed at selected locations outside the profiles and array (LAVA, ENDL2, INJEC, MOUNT). Originally collected for high-resolution passive reflection seismic imaging of the magmatic system, the raw data are provided in MiniSEED format and are made publicly available to support further geophysical and volcanological research. Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 11.
- Title
- Time lapse virtual and earthquake source seismic imagery at Krafla
- Publisher
- GFZ Data Services
- Publication year
- 2026
- Resource type
- Dataset / Seismic Network
- Dates
-
- Collected 2022-06-19/2022-07-26
- Accepted 2026-03-23
- Submitted 2026-03-31
- Issued 2026-03-31
- Created 2026-03-31
- Available 2029-03-01
- Place(s)
-
- Iceland
- Contributor(s)
-
- Hosting institution: GFZ Helmholtz-Zentrum für Geoforschung
- Data manager: GEOFON Data Centre
- Project member: DIAS
- Subjects
- Funding reference(s)
-
- European Union (Horizon Europe Program) Identifier: ROR, https://ror.org/019w4f821 (858092)
- Language
- en
- Sizes
-
- 596GB
- Reference(s)
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- Cited by Regina Maass; Ka Lok Li; Christopher J Bean; Benjamin Schwarz; Ivan Lokmer (2025). A Shallow Reflector Beneath Krafla Volcano, NE Iceland, Detected With Seismic Migration of Local Earthquake Phases. ESS Open Archive . August 23, 2025, https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.175596898.84807159/v1
- Cited by Regina Maass; Ka Lok Li; Christopher J Bean Improving passive reflection seismic imaging in complex geological settings through site effect reduction: application to Krafla volcano, Iceland (2025). Geophysical Journal International, Volume 241, Issue 2, May 2025, Pages 756–76, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf072
- FDSN network code
- 11
- Network dates
- 2022
- Data time range
- 2022–2022
- Station count
- 118
- Seismic metadata
- fdsnws-station
To retrieve waveform data and metadata (including instrument responses) for this and other seismic networks, see here. Network (data set) values are taken from DataCite XML with Metadata Properties version 4.4. Contact us if you are the PI and wish to make changes. Old-style network page for this network here.
Station List for Network Code 11
Code
Station description
Begin
End
Loc
Channels
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